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Conveyor Belting Engineering Handbook

 
The primary objective of this Handbook is the compilation of information collected from various sources which relate to the proper fabrication and operation of flat conveyor belting, chevron belting and custom cleated conveyor belts.
 
Rubber Conveyor Belting
Rubber Polymers
A wide variety of polymers are used in conveyor belts, providing the various properties that the many types of applications require.  All of the polymers have basic properties that are well known and well documented. Quick reference Polymers Table.
Resistance to Chemicals
The information listed does not take into account all variables that can be encountered in actual use. Thus, it is advisable to test material under actual or simulated service conditions.
Rubber Adhesion
This information is crucial in determining belting life expectancy and the overall quality of a belting product.
Belting Impact Resistance
The best indication of appropriate conveyor belt impact resistance is success in the application involved.  There is no laboratory test that will duplicate all of the specific conditions involved in a given “end use” application.
Belting Camber
If unbalanced warp tensions exist in a conveyor belt, that belt will usually assume a "crescent" or "banana" shape when laid flat upon a horizontal surface.  This deviation from a straight line is hereby defined as "camber."
Tolerance of Belts
Allowable rubber belt working tolerances as specified by NIBA.
Rubber Belting Comparisons
Comparison table of heavy duty conveyor belting manufactured in the United States of America.
Belt Grades
RMA Original Specifications and revised RMA 1994 specifications.
Storage & Shipping
Modern conveyor belts are very durable products, but they can be adversely affected by improper storage and shipping practices.  The basic recommended practices for belt storage/shipping are provided.
 
Splices and Fabrication
Vulcanized Rubber Belt Splices
Vulcanized splices provide a method of joining the ends of conveyor belts without interrupting the continuity of the belts, and usually without altering the geometry or dimensions of the belts.

Standard Elevator Bucket Punching

The type, size, weight, capacity, spacing, and projection of the buckets are critical factors in determining the correct belt for carrying the load and holding the buckets.
Mechanical Fasteners
Mechanical belt fasteners are easily installed with only a modest amount of mechanical skills and tools. The purpose of this section of the reference section is intended to acquaint the reader with some of the mechanical fasteners available today.
Mechanical Fastener Chart
Mechanical fasteners offer an economical, reliable and long lasting belt splice method. They are the most common belt splicing method in use today, for both light and heavy-duty conveyor belt applications.
 
Selection and Application
Calculate Belt Tension
The purpose of this section  is to provide  a simple and efficient method to select the best conveyor belt for many common applications.  It may provide a way to quickly double check a given design. 
Minimum Belting Tension
Proper minimum belt tension is the tension required so that a given belt conveyor or belt elevator system will operate properly in its environment.
Minimum Belt Pulley Diameters
This is a general guide. If in doubt, check with the engineered ratings of the belt manufacturer. If the pulley diameter estimates are requested for a certain belt, a drive or head pulley diameter estimate can be taken from the 80%-100% tension column.
Belt Tracking
The basic, and primary rule of tracking a conveyor belt is simply "THE BELT MOVES TOWARD THAT END OF THE ROLL IT CONTACTS FIRST."
Impact Application Design Considerations
Improvements in load design and/or conveyor equipment may be required if belting is prematurely failing from material impact
Belt Troughability
Maximum Plies for Empty Troughing
Load Support at Troughing Idlers
To prevent longitudinal creasing of the conveyor belt at troughing roll junctures (angle formed by the horizontal center roll and the angled troughing rolls), the belt carcass must have body to resist being squeezed between the rolls by the load weight.
Weights of Various Materials
Weight Table of Conveyed Materials
 
Environmental Considerations
Dust Suppression
Typically, vegetable and animal fats, such as those that would be used in this type of system, have a marked extractive effect on the plasticizers used in both PVC and rubber belting elastomers.
Static Electricity
When two surfaces in close proximity are moved relative to one another, a static charge is generated (the triboelectric effect).  Conveyor and elevator installations are classic examples.
 
Glossary of Conveyor and Rubber  Belting Terms
A complete glossary of conveyor and belting terms.

Rubber & Plastics provides the most complete selection of conveyor belting, idlers and accessories.

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Copyright © 2005  Revised 04/17/05  Belting Division, RPI