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Adhesion

A firm or steady contact between two surfaces. In rubber, generally it applies to the "grab" of rubber to rubber or rubber to metal, fabric, plastics or other components of a finished product.

Angle Of Repose

The maximum angle at which a given material will stay at "rest". Example: the angle of stockpile sides.

AWT

Allowable Working Tension.

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- B -

Bankboard

A bulkhead mounted on the dozer trap to prevent material from spilling directly onto the belt and thereby allow a deeper surge pile over a trap.

 

Backstop

A device incorporated into the conveyor drive train that prevents belt roll-back in the event of power loss.

 

Ball Trays

Device used to prevent material build up on screen surface of a vibrating screen deck. Ball trays consist of a series of compartments containing resilent rubber balls.

 

Belt Feeder

A short conveyor belt utilized to meter the flow on to the main belt, typically incorporated into the feeder hopper and feeder trap.

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Carcass

The fabric, cord and or metal reinforcing section of any rubber product such as a belt, as distinguished from the rubber.

 

Carding

"Carding" arranges fibers into a loose rope called a sliver. Many slivers may be drawn together to form a thin strand called a roving. This roving is twisted on a spinning frame to form yarn.

 

Closing Space

The center-to-center distance between troughing idlers.  As the closing space is reduced belt sag is lessened.

Coefficient of Friction

The ratio of the force required to move a package across a belt surface to the weight of the package.

Conveyor Frame 

The supporting structure for idlers, drive etc., also referred to as conveyor boom.

Crowned Pulley

A pulley with a greater diameter at the center than at the edges.

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Declined Conveyor

A conveyor designed to carry material down hill (slope).

Denier

A unit of weight of a yarn, 9,000 meters weighing one gram is one denier, or 15 denier yarn weighs 15 grams per 9,000 meters (0.529 ounces per 29,520 feet or 5.59 miles).

Discharge Hood

Device attached to discharge end of conveyor to direct material straight down from the head pulley.

Drive Pulley

The drive pulley is used to drive the conveyor belt, may be smooth faced, crowned wing, or rubber lagged, depending on the friction necessary to drive the belt.

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- F -

FDA

The governmental organization known as the Food and Drug Administration.

 

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- H -

Head End

Discharge end of a conveyor.

 

Heavyweight

A classification of belts rated at 160 lbs. PIW and over.

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- I -

Impact Idler

An idler designed to absorb the impact of material as it is fed onto the conveyor belt.

Incline Conveyor

A conveyor carrying material on a uphill slope.

Interwoven

A type of belt construction similar to that of a solid woven belt, with plies "interwoven" such that it is impossible to separate them.

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Jackleg

Support structure installed below head end of a portable conveyor to provide additional support for a vibrating screen, grizzly or pugmill.

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- L -

Lagging

A smooth or embossed covering on a pulley to increase friction between the belt and the pulley.

Lightweight

A belt with a working tension of less than 160 pounds per inch of width.

Live Roller

A series of rollers over which objects are moved by application of power to all or some of the rolls.

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- M -

Modulus

Refers to one of several measurements of stiffness or resistance to deformation.

Monofilament

A single extruded strand of material.

MOR

Moderately Oil Resistant.

Multifilament

Many extruded fine strands of filaments grouped together.

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- N -

NIBA

National Industrial Belting Association.

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PIW

Per Inch of width.

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- R -

Roller Bed

A conveyor bed that is formed by a series of rollers.

RFL

Resorcinol-Formaldehyde-Latex is the most commonly used treatment for rubber to fabric adhesions, but sometimes other coatings such as special resins or isocyanates must be used. This RFL coating is applied at the fabric mill, where the fabric is dried and heat set at the same time.

RMA

Rubber Manufacturer's Association, who established specifications for conveyor belt grades several decades ago. Though many of the early members of that association are no longer manufacturing belting, those standards have been passed along with suitable changes to accommodate more "modern" raw materials presently used in belt work.

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- S -

Saddle

An additional short length of belting added to an existing belt for repair.

SBR

Styrene-Butadiene Rubbers.

Slab Belting

Belting made in wide widths and long lengths for later slitting into narrower widths and cutting into shorter lengths.

Slider Bed

A stationary surface on which a belt slides.

Slit Belt

A belt cut to lesser width.

Snubber Pulley

A pulley adjacent to a drive pulley that increases the arc of contact on the drive pulley to increase the effectiveness of the drive.

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Tail End

End of conveyor opposite the direction of travel (flow).

Tail Pulley

The belt pulley near the loading end of the conveyor system.

Take-Up

Device used to apply tension to the conveyor belt.

Tension Rating

Maximum safe working tension recommended by the manufacturer.

Thermoplastic

Capable of being repeatedly softened by heating and hardened by cooling and in the softened state can be shaped by flow.

Training

Referring to training a conveyor belt, the belt should ride on all idlers without skewing, accomplished by proper structural alignment and by adjusting troughing and return idlers.

Troughability

The property of a belt that permits it to conform to the contour of troughing idlers.

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Undercarriage

Truck or support structure for a conveyor frame and ancillary devices.

USDA

The governmental organization known as the United States Department of Agriculture.

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- W -

Warp Yarns

The yarns that run lengthwise in a woven fabric or belt.

Weft Yarns

The yarns that run across the width in a woven fabric or belt.

 

Wire-Cloth

Material used for sand and gravel screening.

 

Woven Wire

Alternate term for "wire cloth".

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- Y -

Yarn

Yarn may be formed from blended fibers at carding, from blended slivers when drawn together, or from blended rovings as the yarn is spun.

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